It is the complete absence of sweating or suppression of perspiration and leaves the skin dry and exercise intolerance. It is also known as hypohidrosis and it causes overaccumulation of heat in the body and doesn’t let the normal process of the body to cool down.

CAUSES:

There are several causes that include:

• Congenital dysplasia that affects the development of sweat glands.
• Inherited disorders that affect metabolic system such as Fabry’s disease.
• Connective tissue disorders such as Sjogren syndrome where dry eyes and dry mouth is common.
• Skin damage from burns or radiation therapy.
• Skin conditions such as psoriasis
• Nerve damage such as encephalitis, system atrophy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Horner syndrome, ross syndrome
• Drugs such as morphine and botulinum, clonidine, opioids, anticholinergics.
• Tumors, scars, sores.

RISK FACTORS:

• Old age and children
• Nerve damage
• Skin disorders
• Genetic mutation

SYMPTOMS:

• No sweating even after a few exercises or no exercise at all.
• Flushing of the face
• Heat cramps in the muscle, legs, arms, abdomen
• Feeling warm or hot
• The complete absence of perspiration which can be in the whole body or at a single area or in a patch-like fashion.
• Nausea, vomiting, raised heartbeat, dizziness, weakness, raised the temperature

DIAGNOSIS:

• Sweat test
• MRI 
• Skin biopsies

TREATMENT:

• Avoid drugs that trigger the condition.
• Limit activities that raise the body temperature and make sure it is performed in a cool, ventilated environment
• To relieve cramping, you should rest and cool down and by drinking cold beverages.
• To relieve heat exhaustion, one should move the patient to a cooler, ventilated place by elevating the legs, loosening the tight clothes, by drink cold juice with no alcohol or caffeine, by putting some cold water on the patient and if symptoms worsen, call on the emergency for medical help by the doctor.

COMPLICATIONS:

• Heat cramps
• Heat exhaustion
• Heatstroke